By the Special Boarding School N°42, Asaka

Jurayev Nosirjon

Every country has its own customs. So, our country has own customs. They are : national foods, clothes, shoes and jewelries. I would like to talk about Uzbek jewelries. Uzbek jewelries were made of gold, silver and other metals. Many years ago Uzbek people wore earrings, rings, bracelets, necklaces and other types of jewelry. People today still wear the same jewelry. The gold comes from Samarkand where they started using gold in the 8th century.
How did they discover gold ? You know that there are many mountains. That’s why when they walked in the mountain, they saw some yellow metals. When they used yellow metals, they discovered the beauty of jewels. For many years, Usta Muhammad Karim made gold jewels. During this period Usta Muhammad Karim was a specialist in making jewels. Women always wear earrings and necklaces and they don’t take off their jewelries. The men don’t wear jewelries but only Kings wear big, beautiful necklaces of gold. The gold was very cheap at that time and now it is very expensive. Many years ago people used gold instead of money. Now men and women have many gold teeth. Those gold teeth help to be healthy and to have a strong heart. One gram of gold costs $18. Uzbek’s jewelries are a bit reddish, because Uzbek jewelries consist of gold and some cuprum (a red goldiesh metal). That’s why jewels don’t break easily. There are many gold mines in Navoiy region. By the way, our country has its own historical knives. They consist of two parts. First part is knife and second part is knife’s keeper. Now majority of people of Uzbekistan have their own knives. Individual youth and women has no knives.
Those are our historical and modern jewelries.
These are earrings and his crown.

Ergashev Abdulatif
Usmanov Bahodir

National Clothing

To’n is one of the national clothes of our nation. To’n is a long wearing like a robe. Only Uzbeks have such wearing. Usually men wear the To’n in winter and in summer everybody can wear To’n, it doesn’t matter. Because in winter it doesn’t let you catch a cold and there is one kind of To’n, which can be worn in the summer. This type of To’n is lighter than typical To’n.
There are many types of To’n : Green To’n, Samarkand national To’n, Andijan national To’n and Bukhara national To’n.
Green To’n is a type of the To’n, which is made from green material and inside of the material, there is cotton. This type of To’n is the lighter type of To’n.
Second is the Samarkand To’n. This To’n is made in Samarkand only. And it consists of three color stripes : pink, white and dark green. Underneath wearing the To’n, you wear a Yaktak Yaktak. It is like a dress, but it does not have any buttons. It is made of silk.
Next one is Andijan’s national To’n. Men wear it for their wedding-parties. Its color is black; it is very heavy and warm.
And lastly is the Bukhara To’n. This To’n is the best To’n of Uzbekistan. It is the most beautiful To’n of our nation. At first look, you will see needle-painting on the front side. There are many types of Bukhara To’n, such as red, blue, white and golden color.
With every To’n, men usually knot the Chorsi. A Chorsi is like a belt, but it is made from silk. Like a To’n, there are many types of Chorsis. They are blue, green, yellow and red. With green To’n, men knot green Chorsi, with Samarkand To’n, they knot yellow Chorsi, with Andijan national blue To’n, they knot blue Chorsi and in Bukhara, men use a red Chorsi with their To’n.
One of the national head-wearing of the Uzbekistan is Do’ppi. The material of Do’ppi is cotton and its color is black. We wear a Do’ppi in all four season of the year.
And we have also women national clothes which we call Atlas. It is very difficult to prepare and decorate an Atlas, and it keeps people very busy. If you want to sew an Atlas, you need a lot of time !